Posterior segment surgery is performed to treat diseases or conditions that affect the back part of the eye, including the retina, vitreous body, and optic nerve. These conditions may include retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, or trauma to the eye.

The surgery typically involves procedures such as vitrectomy (removal of the vitreous gel), retinal reattachment, or laser treatments. These surgeries are designed to restore vision, prevent further damage, and improve the long-term health of the eye.

Posterior segment surgeries are often performed using advanced microsurgical techniques and lasers, offering a high success rate in treating retinal and vitreous conditions.